Emergency vehicle patient transport systems

ABSTRACT

Emergency vehicle patient transport systems are disclosed. In one embodiment, an emergency vehicle patient transport system includes: a loading passage providing access to an interior of an emergency vehicle; one or more tracks coupled to a floor of the emergency vehicle, a ceiling of the emergency vehicle, a wall of the emergency vehicle or combinations thereof wherein, a travel path is delineated by the one or more tracks; and a chair slidingly engaged with the one or more tracks, and vertically positioned between the floor and the ceiling. The chair locks in one or more set positions. And, the one or more set positions are selected from a group consisting of an airway care position, an extended airway care position, a procedural care position, a responder position, a patient care position, and a patient load position.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a divisional application of U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 12/767,555 filed Apr. 26, 2010, the entire disclosure of whichis hereby incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure is generally related to emergency vehicles, andis specifically directed to emergency vehicle patient transport systemsthat provide a chair with access to a patient.

BACKGROUND

Emergency vehicles are commonly used to transport sick or injuredpersons (patients) while they are secured to a patient cot. Generally,patients require procedures to be performed on them by emergency medicaltechnicians while being transported. However, a technician ridingunrestrained is one risk factor that has contributed significantly tothe fatality rate of such workers when involved in a vehicle crash.Thus, a need exists for emergency vehicle patient transport systems thatprovide innovative ways to securely restrain emergency medicaltechnicians, or any other medical personnel, while they are providinghands-on treatment to patients during transport.

SUMMARY

It is against the above background that embodiments according to thepresent disclosure are provided. In one embodiment, an emergency vehiclepatient transport system includes: a loading passage providing access toan interior of an emergency vehicle; one or more tracks coupled to afloor of the emergency vehicle, a ceiling of the emergency vehicle, awall of the emergency vehicle or combinations thereof wherein, a travelpath is delineated by the one or more tracks; and a chair slidinglyengaged with the one or more tracks, and vertically positioned betweenthe floor and the ceiling. The chair locks in one or more set positions.And, the one or more set positions are selected from a group consistingof an airway care position, an extended airway care position, aprocedural care position, a responder position, a patient care position,and a patient load position.

In another embodiment, an emergency vehicle patient transport systemincludes a ceiling track coupled to a ceiling of an emergency vehicle, afloor track coupled to a floor of the emergency vehicle, and a chairvertically positioned between the floor and the ceiling. The chairincludes a curved vertical member disposed between the ceiling and thefloor and slidingly engaged with the ceiling track and the floor track.

These and additional features provided by the embodiments of the presentdisclosure will be more fully understood in view of the followingdetailed description, in conjunction with the drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The following detailed description of specific embodiments of thepresent disclosure can be best understood when read in conjunction withthe following drawings, where like structure is indicated with likereference numerals and in which:

FIG. 1 depicts a side perspective view of an emergency vehicle patienttransport system according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 depicts a side orthographic view of a chair according toembodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3A depicts a side orthographic view of a chair according toembodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3B depicts a side orthographic view of a chair according toembodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3C depicts a side orthographic view of a chair according toembodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4A depicts a side orthographic view of a chair according toembodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4B depicts a front orthographic partial cut-away view of a chairaccording to embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4C depicts a side orthographic view of a chair according toembodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4D depicts a side orthographic view of a chair according toembodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4E depicts a side perspective view of a chair according toembodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4F depicts a side perspective view of a chair according toembodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5A depicts a schematic diagram of an emergency vehicle patienttransport system according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5B depicts a partial cutaway side perspective view of an emergencyvehicle patient transport system according to embodiments of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 5C depicts a partial cutaway side perspective view of an emergencyvehicle patient transport system according to embodiments of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 5B depicts a partial cutaway side perspective view of an emergencyvehicle patient transport system according to embodiments of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 5D depicts a partial cutaway side orthographic view of an emergencyvehicle patient transport system according to embodiments of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 5E depicts a partial cutaway side orthographic view of an emergencyvehicle patient transport system according to embodiments of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 6A depicts a side perspective view of an emergency vehicle patienttransport system according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6B depicts a side perspective view of a auxiliary storage moduleaccording to embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7A depicts a side perspective view of a multi-position seataccording to embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7B depicts a side perspective view of a multi-position seataccording to embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7C depicts a side perspective view of a multi-position seataccording to embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7D depicts a side perspective view of a multi-position seataccording to embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 8A depicts a side orthographic view of a cot securing memberaccording to embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 8B depicts a side orthographic view of a cot securing memberaccording to embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 9 depicts a partial cutaway side perspective view of an emergencyvehicle patient transport system according to embodiments of the presentdisclosure; and

FIG. 10 depicts a schematic diagram of an emergency vehicle patienttransport system according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

The embodiments set forth in the drawings are illustrative in nature andnot intended to be limiting of the invention defined by the claims.Moreover, individual features of the drawings and invention will be morefully apparent and understood in view of the detailed description.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

As used herein with the various illustrated embodiments described below,the following terms include, but are not limited to, the followingmeanings.

The term “emergency vehicle” means a vehicle for treatment andtransportation of sick or injured people such as for example, a van, astation wagon, a bus, a helicopter, a fixed-wing aircraft, a boat, aship, and the like.

The term “loading passage” means an aperture that provides access to aportion of an emergency vehicle that is configured to hold people,cargo, and the like. The loading passage may include a door, forexample, a sliding door, or a swiveling door in one or more exemplaryembodiments.

The term “cot” means a device configured to carry an injured, a dead, oran incapacitated person from one place to another such as for example, astretcher, a wheeled stretcher, a litter, and the like.

The term “swivel” means to turn or rotate about an axis such as forexample, to spin, to twist, to turn, and the like.

The term “tilt” means to transition an object throughout alternatepositions such as for example, to rock, to lean, to incline, and thelike.

The term “translation member” means a device that allows for constrainedrelative motion between two or more objects, which may or may not belubricated, such as for example, a roller, a bearing, a sliding track, aguide block, and the like.

The term “coupled” means that multiple objects are united together suchas for example, bolted, welded, anchored, integral, and the like.“Coupled” may mean that the respective objects are directly joinedtogether or the respective objects may be joined together by one or morecomponents there between.

The term “ceiling” means any interior surface of an emergency vehiclewith a surface normal vector having vector component pointing inopposite direction of gravity.

The term “floor” means any interior surface of an emergency vehicle witha surface normal vector having a vector component pointing in the samedirection as gravity.

The term “crash event” means a rapid alteration of the motion of anemergency vehicle such as for example, a collision, an evasive maneuver,a sudden stop, a bump, and the like.

The phrase “mitigate the transfer of energy between” means to absorb ordisperse a portion of energy as it travels from a first object to asecond object, from a second object to a first object, or from a firstobject to a second object and from a second object to a first object tolimit any of a vibration, translation, extension, compression, and thelike of any of the objects.

The term “slidingly engaged” means to join two or more objects togetherin a way that enables a constrained relative motion between the two ormore objects.

The term “actuator” means mechanism that supplies and transmits ameasured amount of energy for the operation of another mechanism orsystem, such as for example, a hydraulic press, a motor, a mechanicallinkage, an electromechanical system, and the like.

The term “bio-safe material” means a substance that prevents, inhibitsor kills the growth of microorganisms such as protozoa, viruses,bacteria, fungi, mold, mildew, and the like.

The embodiments described herein generally relate to emergency vehiclepatient transport systems. As will be described in more detail herein,an emergency vehicle patient transport system generally comprises achair and one or more tracks. The systems are generally configured totransport one or more people who may be injured or incapacitated. Theoperation and structure of embodiments of the present disclosure will bedescribed in more detail below, with each of the above stated componentsdescribed in turn.

As shown in FIGS. 1-4E, embodiments of the emergency vehicle transportsystem 10 comprise a chair 100 and an emergency vehicle 200. The chair100 is slidingly engaged with one or more tracks 210, and verticallypositioned between the floor 202 of the emergency vehicle 200 and theceiling 204 of the emergency vehicle 200. The chair 100 may beconfigured to provide various configurations as will be described inmore detail below.

With reference to FIG. 1, embodiments of the emergency vehicle transportsystem 10 comprise a loading passage 206, one or more tracks 210, apatient loading member 220, and a chair 100. The loading passage 206provides access to the interior of the emergency vehicle 200, and may beany shape. The one or more tracks 210 are coupled to the floor 202, theceiling 204, a wall 208 or combinations thereof wherein, a travel path212 is delineated by the one or more tracks 210. It is noted that, thetracks 210 may be integral with a surface such as, for example, a longopening or tunnel in the floor 202 or ceiling 204. Thus, as definedabove, coupled may mean that objects are integral with one another.

The patient loading member 220 may be coupled to the floor 202 and isconfigured to accept a cot at the loading passage 206, guide the cotalong a loading direction 222, and secure the cot at a transportposition 224. The transport position 224 may be any position thatprovides for the secure transport of a cot containing a person. Forexample, after a cot is accepted by the patient loading member 220, itmay be manually pushed along the loading direction 222, and the chairmay be configured to have contemporaneous motion along the travel path212 while the cot is in motion. It is noted that, the cot may be guidedalong the loading direction 222 by manual pushing, mechanical actuation,electrical actuation, and the like.

Referring now to FIGS. 8A and 8B, embodiments of the emergency vehicletransport system 10 comprise a cot securing member 350 coupled to thefloor 202 that cooperates with an extensible cot 358 to lift a patientalong a cot raising direction 356. The cot securing member 350 comprisesa cot engagement surface 352 and an extending column 354. The cotengagement surface 352 is coupled to the top of the extending column354. The extensible cot 358 is configured to engage with the cotengagement surface 352. For example, the extensible cot 358 can bemanually loaded onto the emergency vehicle 200 along the loadingdirection 222, and as the extensible cot 358 passes over the engagementsurface a locking portion of the extensible cot 358 engages acorresponding portion of the cot engagement surface 352. The patient islifted as the extending column 354 moves along the cot raising direction356, and the linkage of the extensible cot 358 expands. The extendingcolumn 354 is depicted as a hydraulic press, and may be any type ofactuator such as, for example, a mechanical linkage, anelectromechanical actuator, and the like. In another embodiment, the cotsecuring member 350 is configured to raise and lower a cot engaged withthe cot engagement surface 352.

In further embodiments, as depicted in FIGS. 1 and 8B, the chair 100 isconfigured to move synchronously with the cot. For example, the chair100 automatically moves along the travel path 212 in accordance with themotion of the cot as the cot is guided along or against the loadingdirection 222. In other embodiments, the chair 100 may automaticallytransition between set positions (described in more detail below) inaccordance with the motion of the cot as it is raised or lowered. In onecommercial embodiment, the cot may be moved by an electrical actuationdevice such as the devices described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,521,891 assignedto Ferno-Washington, Inc. and the POWERFlexx™+ICS Integrated ChargingSystem produced by Ferno-Washington, Inc., which is used as a cotfastener and a power source for powered cots. The synchronous motion maybe provided by an automated actuation such as mechanical actuation orelectrical actuation. The synchronization of the cot and chair 100 maybe achieved using various components, for example, sensors, linearsynchronous motors, mechanical linkages, electro-mechanical actuators,hydraulic actuators, and the like.

In another embodiment, the chair 100 comprises a bio-safe material. Forexample, the chair 100 may be coated with a bio-safe material, such as,but not limited to, an antimicrobial. Alternatively, the chair 100comprises solid materials such as plastics, coatings, textiles, ceramicsand paper with integral bio-safe material.

In further embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in FIGS. 1,4A, 4B, 4C, and 10 the one or more tracks 210 may comprise a ceilingtrack 214 coupled to the ceiling 204 and a floor track 216 coupled tothe floor 202. The tracks 210 may be coupled above surface, i.e.disposed in a position that is in the positive direction of the surfacenormal relative to the surface, or recessed, i.e. disposed in a positionthat is in the negative direction of the surface normal relative to thesurface. Thus, the tracks 210 may be visible to an occupant of theemergency vehicle 200 or hidden from view. Additionally, the tracks 210may be shaped in any manner that delineates a travel path 212 thatprovides access to a cot in the transport position 224. The tracks 210are depicted in FIG. 1 as being J-shaped. However, the tracks 210 may beany shape such as, but not limited to, straight, L-shaped, U-shaped 402(FIG. 10), O-shaped 404, faceted, and the like. Similarly, the one ormore tracks 210 may comprise any shape cross-section that provides forconstrained relative motion with a translation member. Thus, while FIGS.1, 4A, and 4C depict a C-channel cross-section, the tracks may compriseany other shape such as, circular, square, and the like.

Referring to FIG. 1, the chair 100 may comprise one or more ceilingtranslation members 110 slidingly engaged with the ceiling track 214and/or one or more floor translation members 120 slidingly engaged withthe floor track 216. The one or more ceiling translation members 110and/or the one or more floor translation members 120 may comprise rollerwheels 113. It is noted that while, roller wheels 113 are depicted, itis contemplated that the translation members 110 and 120 may compriseany device that allows for constrained relative motion between thetranslation members 110 and 120 and the one or more tracks 210, asdescribed hereinabove.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4A, the chair 100 may also comprise a verticalmember 130 extending from the ceiling translation members 110 to thefloor translation members 120. Moreover, the chair 100 further comprisesa seat 131 comprising an upper portion 102 and a lower portion 104. Asused herein, “seat” refers to the support members (for example,cushioned support members) which contacts the person (for example, theEMT) disposed in the chair. The upper portion 102 is the support forupper torso (i.e., the back and lumbar sections of the EMT) and may alsoencompass supports for the head and neck, whereas the lower portion isthe support for the lower torso i.e., the buttocks and legs. The seat131 may comprise an upper chair junction 136 adjacent the upper portion102 and rotatably joined to an upper frame junction 132 of the verticalmember 130 via an upper arm 134 there between. The seat 131 also a lowerchair junction 138 adjacent the lower portion 104 and rotatably joinedto the vertical member 130 via a lower arm 140 there between.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 4A, and 4B, in embodiments of the emergency vehicletransport system 10, the chair 100 comprises one or more ceilingabsorption members 150 disposed between the vertical member 130 and theone or more ceiling translation members 110, and one or more floorabsorption members 160 disposed between the vertical member 130 and theone or more floor translation members 120. The one or more ceilingabsorption members 150 are configured to mitigate the transfer of energybetween the one or more ceiling translation members 110 and the verticalmember 130. The one or more floor absorption members 160 are configuredto mitigate the transfer of energy between the one or more floortranslation members 120 and the vertical member 130. It is noted that,the absorption members 146, 150 and 160 may be any device suitable todisperse energy, such as, but not limited to, a shock, a strut, aspring, a piezoelectric component, a rubber bumper, a crumple pad, andthe like.

Referring again to FIGS. 1 and 4B, in further embodiments of theemergency vehicle transport system 10, the one or more ceilingtranslation members 110 comprise a first ceiling translation member 112,and a second ceiling translation member 114, and the one or more floortranslation members 120 comprise a first floor translation member 122,and a second floor translation member 124. The one or more ceilingabsorption members 150 comprise a first ceiling absorption member 152,and a second ceiling absorption member 154. The one or more floorabsorption members 160 comprise a first floor absorption member 162, anda second floor absorption member 164. The first ceiling absorptionmember 152 may extend from the first ceiling translation member 112 toan upper triangulation point 156 of the vertical member 130. The secondceiling absorption member 154 extends from the second ceilingtranslation member 114 to the upper triangulation point 156 of thevertical member 130. The first floor absorption member 162 extends fromthe first floor translation member 122 to a lower triangulation point166 of the vertical member 130. The second floor absorption member 164extends from the second floor translation member 124 to the lowertriangulation point 166 of the vertical member 130. While, the firstceiling absorption member 152, the second ceiling absorption member 154,the first floor absorption member 162, and the second floor absorptionmember 164 are coupled to the vertical member 130. Again, it is noted,the absorption members 152, 154, 162, and 164 may be any device suitableto disperse energy, as described above.

As depicted in FIGS. 4D and 5B-5E, embodiments of the chair 100 comprisea vertical member 130 forming a curve between the ceiling 204 and thefloor 202. The vertical member 130 is substantially “bow” shaped, suchthat it partially surrounds the seat 131. In another embodiment, thechair 100 comprises a vertical channel 300 along an upper portion of thevertical member 130. A seat support member 310 is coupled to an uppersupport translation member 312 that is slidingly engaged within thevertical channel 300 at a first end 311, and is coupled to a channelpivot member 306 that is rotatably joined with the vertical member 130at a second end 313. A channel stop 304 terminates the vertical channel300, and is angled to define the outer end of the vertical channel 300.Impact support wings 302 are coupled to the vertical member 130 andextend downward towards the floor 202, thereby forming an extensionadjacent to the vertical channel 300.

Further embodiments of the chair 100, depicted in FIGS. 4D and 5D,comprise a sliding upper body member 320 slidingly engaged with the seatsupport member 310, and a posterior support 184 coupled to the seatsupport member 310. A contoured head support 322 and a torso support 190are coupled to the sliding upper body member 320 with the contoured headsupport 322 disposed above the torso support 190. The sliding upper bodymember 320 slides towards the floor 202 or the ceiling 204 to adjust thelocation of the contoured head support 322 and the torso support 190with respect to the posterior support 184. A seat 131 is formed by thecombination of the posterior support 184, the contoured head support322, and the torso support 190. A lap bar 314 and a rotating restraint326 provide a locking enclosure about the seat 131. The lap bar 314 iscoupled to the sliding upper body member 320 and disposed above theposterior support 184. The lap bar 314 is fixed and padded to provide acushioned surface partially surrounding an aperture about the posteriorsupport 184. The rotating restraint comprises an outer bar 328 that isrotatably joined to the sliding upper body member 320, and a chestrestraint 330 that is coupled to the outer bar 328. The chest restraint330 defines a head aperture 332 and the chest restraint 330 and outerbar 328 in combination define shoulder apertures 334. The head aperture332 and shoulder apertures 334 provide openings in the enclosure. Therotating restraint 326 swivels about the sliding upper body member 320between an open position (not shown) and a closed position. Therefore,the chair 100 provides ergonomic and secure seating for an EMT. Forexample, once the height of an EMT is known, the sliding upper bodymember 320 is adjusted to match the height. The rotating restraint 326is opened by swiveling the chest restraint 330 towards the ceiling. TheEMT sits in the chair 100 and positions each shoulder in the shoulderapertures 334 and her head through the head aperture 332. Once the EMTis seated, the rotating restraint 326 swivels closed, and secures theEMT in the chair 100. Thus, it is noted that the rotating restraint maylock in any position within its range of motion to accommodate EMT'swith varying body types.

In an embodiment depicted in FIGS. 4E, 4F, 5B, 5C, and 5E, the seat 131comprises locking mechanisms 344 rotatably joined to the sliding upperbody member 320 and hip grabbers 340 rotatably joined with the lap bar314. The locking mechanisms 344 are coupled to the harnesses 286 whichextend to and are coupled to the hip grabbers 340. The lockingmechanisms 344 tighten the harnesses 286 when the harnesses 286 arepulled suddenly, but offer little resistance when the harnesses 286 arepulled slowly. The locking mechanisms 344 are inertia reels, but mayalso comprise a centrifugal clutch, a weighted pendulum, a weighted ballbearing, or any other electro-mechanical actuator. In anotherembodiment, the seat 131 comprises hip actuator 342 disposed within thelap bar 314. The hip actuator 342 is rotatably joined with the hipgrabbers 340 and open (FIG. 4E) and close (FIG. 4D) the hip grabbers340. Thus, providing secure seating for an EMT. For example, an EMT sitson the posterior support 184 and slides each arm beneath the harnesses286 while the seat 131 is in the open position (FIG. 4E). A pressuresensor within the posterior support 184 and in electrical communicationwith the hip actuator 342 senses the presence of the EMT. The pressuresensor transmits an electronic signal indicative of the EMT's presenceto the hip actuator 342, and the hip actuator 342 rotates the hipgrabbers 340 to the closed position (FIG. 4D). It is noted that while apressure sensor is described hereinabove, any type of system may beutilized to indicate the presence of the EMT such as, for example, abutton, a thermal sensor, a imaging system, or an acoustic system.

Referring now to FIG. 4A, the chair 100 may also comprise a knee member142 and one or more knee pads 144 attached to the knee member 142wherein, the lower chair junction 138 rotatably joins the lower arm 140to the knee member 142, and the knee member 142 extends to the one ormore knee pads 144. In further embodiments, the upper arm 134 comprisesan upper chair absorption member 146 configured to mitigate the transferof energy between the upper portion 102 and the vertical member 130, orvice versa.

In further embodiments of the emergency vehicle transport system 10, asshown in FIGS. 4D, 5D and 5E, a knee actuator 316 is coupled to the seatsupport member 310. The knee member 142 is slidingly engaged with theknee actuator 316, and extends away from the seat support member 310.The knee member 142 is coupled to the knee pad 144, and the kneeactuator 316 extends and retracts the knee member 142. For example, theknee actuator 316 applies a linear force to the knee member 142 andextends the knee support 145 away from the posterior support 184 toprovide an ergonomic seating arrangement. Furthermore, it is noted that,the actuation of the knee actuator 316 may be synchronized with thetilting forward of the chair 100 or set positions, as describedhereinafter.

Referring again to the embodiment of FIG. 1, the chair 100 furthercomprises a tilt control 148 which is operable to enable or disable atilting forward of the chair 100. The tilt control 148 may be anysuitable actuation mechanism such as a lever, switch, button, orcombinations thereof. Upon actuation of the tilt control 148, anemergency medical technician (EMT) seated in the chair 100 may leanforward (FIG. 4C) and cause the chair 100 to tilt forward. Thus, an EMTmay remain secured in the chair 100 by a harness 286 while tending to apatient in a cot secured in the transport position 224.

Further embodiments of the present disclosure provide for tiltingforward and are depicted in FIGS. 5B-5E. In one embodiment the EMT tiltsforward by loosening the tension on the harnesses 286. For example, theEMT may be attending to a patient (FIG. 5B) and require additionalreach. The locking mechanisms 344 release tension on the harnesses 286and allow the EMT to tilt forward (FIG. 5C). The release of tension maybe commenced by the tilt control or via an automated process, such assynchronization. In another embodiment an EMT tilts forward by causingthe first end 311 of the seat support member 310 to slide along thevertical channel 300 while the second end 313 to rotates about thechannel pivot member 306. Chair 100 slides throughout the full extent ofthe vertical channel 300. For example, the chair 100 can be upright(FIG. 5D), tilted (FIG. 5E) such that the upper support translationmember 312 reaches the channel stop 304, or any position in between. Inanother embodiment, the chair 100 reclines to provide a comfortableriding position for an EMT during long transports. For example, the EMTmay tilt backwards by the tilt control or via an automated process, suchas synchronization.

In embodiments wherein the chair is coupled to the ceiling track 214 asshown in FIG. 2, the chair 100 may comprise a pivot junction 170rotatably joining the vertical member 130 to a lower portion 104 of thechair 100. Moreover, the chair 100 may comprise an adjustable headrest172 slidingly engaged with the vertical member 130 and operable to slideat least a portion of the distance between the ceiling 204 and the pivotjunction 170. Thus, the adjustable headrest 172 may be configured to bein alignment with the head and shoulder area of a user and accommodateusers of various heights. A bottom absorption member 174 extends fromthe vertical member 130 to the lower portion 104 of the seat 131 and isconfigured to mitigate the transfer of energy between the verticalmember 130 and the lower portion 104.

In alternative embodiments wherein the chair 100 is coupled to the floor202 as shown in FIG. 3A, the chair 100 may comprises a vertical support180 slidingly engaged to the floor track 216. A seat junction 182rotatably joins the vertical support 180 to a vertical member 130 and aposterior support 184. A head-neck-shoulder (HNS) junction 186 rotatablyjoins the vertical member 130 to a HNS support 188. A torso support 190is slidingly engaged with the vertical member 130 and is operable toslide at least a portion of the distance between the HNS junction 186and the posterior support 184.

Referring to the embodiments depicted in FIG. 3B, the chair 100 maycomprise an adjustable HNS clamp 194 rotatably joined to the HNS support188 and operable to lock in multiple positions. The HNS support 188 mayhave a pair of extensions providing surfaces contoured to the HNS areaof a user, and may be “U” shaped or “C” shaped, for example. In stillfurther embodiments, depicted in FIG. 3C, the chair 100 comprises anadjustable torso clamp 192 rotatably joined to the torso support 190,and operable to lock in multiple positions. Thus, the clamps 192 and 194comprise various configurations to accommodate various neckcircumferences, shoulder widths, over-bust circumferences, bustcircumferences, under-bust (rib-cage) circumferences, natural waistcircumferences, upper hip circumferences, lower hip circumferences, andthe like. The clamps 192 and 194 may comprise a ratcheting mechanismproviding for a discrete progression throughout a range of motion.Furthermore, the clamps 192 and 194 may operate to supplement or replacea safety belt or harness 286 by locking in a position such that a seatedEMT is secured in the chair 100 during transit of the emergency vehicle200.

According to additional embodiments, as depicted in FIGS. 5A-5E, and 10,the chair 100 is configured to lock in one or more set positions. Whenlocked, the chair 100 will not slide along the tracks 210. Thus, thechair 100 is in a single, or set position with respect to the tracks210. Additionally, the set positions orient the chair 100 with respectto a cot secured to the patient loading member 220. The chair 100 isoriented such that an EMT securely seated within the chair 100 iscapable of administering medical treatment to a patient in the cot. Forexample, the chair 100 may be locked within the lateral zone 292 facinga patient. Since the tracks 210 are proximately positioned to the cot,an EMT secured to the chair 100 is within arms reach of the patient. Theset positions comprise an airway care position 225, an extended airwaycare position 226, a procedural care position 227, a responder position228 and 428, a patient care position 229 and 429, a patient loadposition 230 and 430, and a lower care position 231 and 431.Furthermore, when the tracks 210 are U-shaped 402 or O-shaped 404 (FIG.10), a responder position 228 and 428, a patient care position 229 and429, a patient load position 230 and 430, and a lower care position 231and 431 may be disposed on each side of the patient cot. Each of the setpositions will be described in greater detail below.

An embodiment of the patient load position 230 is depicted in FIG. 5A.In the patient load position 230, the chair 100 is facing a directionopposing the loading direction 222 near the loading passage 206. An EMTsecurely seated in the chair 100 is at the head of a patient secured toa cot as it is being loaded through the loading passage 206. Thus, theEMT is favorably positioned to administer care to the patient.Furthermore, it is noted that while the chair 100 is locked in a setposition the chair 100 may tilt or swivel. For example, the chair 100may swivel while in the patient load position 230 to enable an EMT toperform a cardiopulmonary resuscitation on a patient entering throughthe loading passage 206.

Referring still to FIG. 5A, an embodiment of the responder position 228is depicted. In the responder position 228, the chair 100 is pointingalong the loading direction 222. Thus, an EMT seated in the chair 100 isfacing the same direction as the loading direction 222. The responderposition may be set when the emergency vehicle 200 is traveling. Forexample, in an ambulance the loading direction 222 is also the forwardtravel direction of the ambulance. Thus, an EMT seated in the responderposition 228 would be positioned in a similar fashion to the driver ofthe ambulance. In other embodiments, the responder position 228 may beset to any orientation that offers a seating position analogous to otherseating within the vehicle such as, for example, a driver's seat or apassenger seat.

Referring now to FIGS. 5A and 5B, embodiments of the airway careposition 225 are depicted. The airway care position 225 is disposedwithin the head end zone 290. The head end zone 290 is the portion ofthe emergency vehicle 200 that is about the tracks and near the head ofa patient secured within the emergency vehicle 200. An EMT securelyseated within the chair 100 is capable of administering a treatment tothe head of the patient by tilting forward. When in the airway careposition 225, the chair 100 may tilt such that the seat support member310 rotates about the channel pivot member 306 and the upper supporttranslation member 312 slides within the vertical channel 300. Forexample, the EMT may administer an intubation procedure withoutdeparting from the chair 100 by tilting forward until the upper supporttranslation member 312 reaches the channel stop 304. In anotherembodiment, depicted in FIG. 5C, additional tilting is enabled. Theextended airway care position 226 is disposed near the head of a patientsecured within the emergency vehicle 200. An EMT securely seated withinthe chair 100 is capable of administering a treatment to the head ortorso of the patient by tilting forward. Additional reach is provided bya loosening of tension within the locking mechanism 344. The loosenedtension provides slack in the harness 286 and provides the EMT withgreater freedom of motion while still remaining secured by the hipgrabber 340.

Embodiments of the patient care position 229 are depicted in FIGS. 5A,5D, 10. The patient care position 229 is disposed within the lateralzone 292. The lateral zone 292 is the portion of the emergency vehicle200 that is about the tracks and along the side of a patient securedwithin the emergency vehicle 200. An EMT securely seated within thechair 100 is capable of administering a treatment to the body of thepatient by reaching forward. An embodiment of the procedural careposition 227 provides greater reach to the EMT, and is depicted in FIG.5E. The procedural care position 227 is disposed in the same location asthe patient care position 229, but with additional tilting. When in theprocedural care position 227, the chair 100 is tilted such that the seatsupport member 310 is rotated about the channel pivot member 306 and theupper support translation member 312 reaches the channel stop 304.Furthermore, it is noted that embodiments of the procedural careposition 227 may be disposed at any position along the tracks 210 suchas, but not limited to, the patient care position 229 and 429 and thelower care position 231 and 431.

Embodiments of the lower care position 231 and 431 are depicted in FIG.10. The lower care position 231 is disposed within the near the loadingpassage 206. An EMT securely seated within the chair 100 is capable ofadministering a treatment to the feet and legs of the patient byreaching forward. It is noted, that while embodiments of the lower careposition 231 and 431 are depicted with U-shaped 402 or 0-shaped 404tracks 210, the lower care position 231 and 431 may be used with any ofthe tracks 210 disclosed herein.

Referring again to FIGS. 5A-5E, it is noted that while only a finitenumber of set positions were designated above, the chair 100 may beadjusted and locked throughout its entire range of motion. For example,the chair 100 may be locked at any location along the tracks 210, andnot just within the head end zone 290 or the lateral zone 292.Furthermore, the chair 100 may swivel about or tilt through an infinitenumber of positions. Therefore, while only the airway care position 225,the extended airway care position 226, the procedural care position 227,the responder position 228, the patient care position 229, and thepatient load position 230 are designated herein, the chair 100 mayfreely pass through or lock in any position allowable by the structuredescribed and depicted in the present disclosure.

Referring again to FIG. 1, the embodiments may comprise a motion control232 which is operable to set a free float mode or a synchronous mode.The motion control 232 may include a button, switch, or any othersuitable component operable to enable toggling between modes. When thechair 100 is set to the free float mode, the chair 100 movesindependently of the automated actuation described hereinabove.Therefore, when in the free float mode the chair 100 moves along thetravel path 212, tilts, swivels, or locks in set positions based solelyon an EMT's input. The chair 100 moves synchronously according to theautomated actuation described hereinabove, when set to synchronous mode.For example, when in the synchronous mode the chair 100 moves along thetravel path 212, tilts, swivels, or locks in set positions in a motioncoordinated with the loading or lifting of a patient cot, as describedherein.

Referring still to FIG. 1, the chair 100 may further comprise a lever234, which upon actuation, enables the chair 100 to swivel about thevertical member 130. The chair 100 may configured to swivel freely, ormay be limited to a set range such as for example, swiveling 180°.Additionally, the chair 100 may comprise a quick release button disposedunder the chair 100 or a rocker switch configured for simple control ofany motion of the chair 100.

In other embodiments, depicted in FIG. 4D, the chair 100 moves in avertical direction 106 and/or a horizontal direction 108 via manualpushing, mechanical actuation, electrical actuation, and the like. Inone embodiment, the chair 100 moves within the vertical member 130. Inanother embodiment, the vertical member 130 moves in the verticaldirection 106 and/or a horizontal direction 108.

In further embodiments of the present disclosure, as depicted in FIGS.6A and 6B, the chair 100 comprises an auxiliary storage module 240 thatis removably attached to the chair 100. The auxiliary storage module maycomprise a pull-up handle 242, a shoulder strap 244, and a wheel 246. Inadditional embodiments, the auxiliary storage module 240 comprises aflip top 248 and a pullout drawer 250 or a pivot drawer 252 wherein, theflip top 248 provides access to a laptop computer, a clipboard, or adisposable sharps storage. The pullout drawer 250 is a generallybox-shaped storage accessible by sliding along a transverse direction.The pivot drawer 252 is a generally triangular-shaped storage accessibleby swiveling. The flip top 248 may comprise a linkage which enablesmultiple tiers to be raise for access or collapsed for compact storage(not shown). In further embodiments, the auxiliary storage module 240comprises a shallow storage 254 recess having a non-slip surface 256.The non-slip surface 256 may comprise any material suitable to provideadditional friction such as for example, an epoxy, a rubber, anabrasive, and the like.

In still further embodiments of the present disclosure, as depicted inFIGS. 1, 6A, and 7A-7D, the emergency vehicle transport system 10comprises a multi-position seat 260. The multi-position seat 260 iscoupled to a wall 208 of the emergency vehicle 200, and comprises aseating portion 268 slidingly engaged with a transition track 270, and alocking release switch 267. The multi-position seat 260 transitions froma flat configuration 262 to a bench configuration 264, and from thebench configuration 264 to either the flat configuration 262 or a jumpseat configuration 266. The transitions are reversible. Thus,multi-position seat 260 transitions from the jump seat configuration 266to the bench configuration 264, and from the bench configuration 264 toeither the flat configuration 262 or the jump seat configuration. Themulti-position seat 260 changes between the flat configuration 262 andthe bench configuration 264 by releasing or locking the seating portion268 with the locking release switch 267 and rotating the seating portion268 about hinges. The multi-position seat 260 changes between the benchconfiguration 264 and the jump seat configuration 266 by sliding theseating portion 268 along the transition track 270. Additionally, it isnoted, that the term “wall” as used herein means any surface of theemergency vehicle 200.

Referring now to FIG. 1, further embodiments of the present disclosurecomprise a multi-position seat 260 with recessed surfaces 272 forsecuring a cot. The multi-position seat 260 is in the benchconfiguration 264 and the recessed surface 272 are shaped to secure acot. For example, a cot with wheels may be secured by providing recessedsurfaces 272 that are contoured to match the shape of the wheels. Thus,when the cot is placed on the multi-position seat 260 the recessedsurfaces engage the wheels and prevent the cot from moving.

In further embodiments, depicted in FIGS. 7C and 7D, the multi-positionseat 260 comprises a pivoting section 275. The pivoting section 275 isrotatably joined and slidingly engaged with the transition track 270. Inone embodiment (FIG. 7C) the multi-position seat comprises a loungeconfiguration 263. The multi-position seat 260 transitions to the loungeconfiguration from the bench configuration 264 by sliding along thetransition track 270 and rotating a pivoting section 275 in a rotatingdirection 276. In another embodiment (FIG. 7D), the multi-position seatcomprises a dual-jumpseat configuration 265. The multi-position seat 260transitions from the bench configuration 264 to the dual-jumpseatconfiguration 265 by sliding the opposing sides of the seating portion268 along the transition track in a compressing direction 277, androtating a pivoting section 275. In a further embodiment, themulti-position seat 260 comprises a soft storage bag 274. The softstorage bag is disposed on the bottom of the seating portion andprovides storage accessible via a zipper. In yet another embodiment, themulti-position seat 260 comprises retracting safety belts 261. Theretracting safety belts 261 secure an occupant of the multi-positionseat against movement. For example, an occupant may be secured in themulti-position seat by buckling a locking mechanism of the retractingsafety belt 261 about the waist.

Referring again to FIGS. 1, 4A, and 4C embodiments of the chair 100comprise an earphone 280 and an audio microphone 282. The earphone 280and audio microphone 282 may be disposed in proximity to the head of anEMT seated in the chair 100, and may facilitate hands-free communicationbetween an EMT seated in the chair 100 and any other person via radio,wireless network, blue tooth, internet, and the like.

In additional embodiments, the chair 100 comprises a video feed 284operable to transmit images from the emergency vehicle 200. The videofeed may be any device capable of capturing and transmitting still ormoving images such as, for example, digital camera, web cam, camcorder,and the like. The images may be transported via wireless network, etc.or via a recorded medium. In another embodiment, the chair 100 comprisesa fold-away table (not shown). The fold-away table can be pulled outupwards and folded down for use as a writing surface by an EMT.Similarly, the fold-away table can be folded up and pushed in downwardsfor storage. For example, fold-away tables are commonly used in thepassenger compartment of airliners, as described in U.S. Pat. No.6,793,281, the entirety of which is incorporated by reference herein.

Additional embodiments of emergency vehicle patient transport systemscomprise an on-board vehicle electronic monitoring system. The on-boardvehicle electronic monitoring system is a network of sensors andcomputers, such as the RS-3000 Vehicle System by Road Safety,interconnected throughout the emergency vehicle. The sensors are inelectrical communication with the network and monitor, for example,vehicle speed, vehicle RPM, idle time, over speeds, hard accelerations,hard decelerations, chair occupancy, g-force, and the like. In oneembodiment the on-board vehicle electronic monitoring system is inelectrical communication with a sensing member. For example, the chair100 may comprise a seat sensor that transmits an electrical signalindicative of the occupancy of the seat to the on-board vehiclemonitoring system. In another embodiment, the chair 100 comprises alocking mechanism in electrical communication with the on-board vehicleelectronic monitoring system. The sensing member senses a crash eventsuch as for example, an accelerometer, transducer, and the like. When acrash event is sensed, by for example an increase in g-force on thevehicle, the on-board vehicle electronic monitoring system transmit anelectrical signal to the locking system that triggers the locking systemto lock the chair 100. The locking system incorporates components andactuators of the chair 100 described hereinabove, such as, the tiltcontrol 148, the adjustable torso clamp 192, adjustable HNS clamp 194,the locking mechanism 344, the harnesses 286, the rotating restraint326, the hip actuator 342, and so on. For example, when a crash isdetected, the on-board vehicle electronic monitoring system transmits anelectrical signal to the chair 100 causing the chair 100 to lock inplace and tighten the harness 286 to secure an EMT. Additionally, eitheror both of the chair 100 and the patient loading member 220 can comprisean airbag (not shown). The air bag may be disposed at a position near ahead of a patient in a cot engaged with the patient loading member 220.Thus, during a crash event, airbags may deployed adjacent to the headsof an EMT or a patient.

In a further embodiment, depicted in FIGS. 4E and 4F, the chair 100comprises environmental controls 346. The environmental controls 346control the environment heating, cooling, oxygen, suction, lights, andthe like. Thus, as described herein, EMT safety and environmentalperformance may be controlled and monitored.

In another embodiment, depicted in FIG. 9, the emergency vehicletransport system 10 comprises a mass casualty system 360 having a wallfixture 362 coupled to the wall 208. A pivoting attachment 364 isrotatably joined with the wall fixture 362 and coupled to a rotating arm366. Clasping mechanisms 368 are disposed at both ends of the rotatingarm 366, and removably secure a portion of a cot. The rotating arm 366provides a collapsible fixture for holding additional cots in theemergency vehicle 200. For example, two additional cots may betransported by coupling two wall fixtures 362 to the wall 208. Each ofthe wall fixtures 362 are rotatably joined with two rotating arms 366.The four rotating arms 366 secure two cots when fully extended byholding the horizontal supports of a cot in the clasping mechanism.Thus, the cots may be disposed one above the other for secure transport.Furthermore, when the additional capacity is unneeded, the rotating arms366 are stored against the wall 208.

Referring now to FIGS. 2, 3A, 4A and 4D, additional embodiments ofemergency vehicle patient transport systems comprise an easy-removalmechanism to allow the chair 100, or components thereof, to be removed.For example, the pivot junction 170, seat junction 182, upper framejunction 132 and channel pivot member 306 may comprise a pin such as,for example, a ball lock pin, a hitch pin, a linch pin, a safety pin,and the like for rapid disassembly. In one embodiment, the bottomabsorption member 174 (FIG. 2) comprises a release actuator which, whenactivated, separates the bottom absorption member 174 into multiplecomponents. The seat 131 is removed by separating the bottom absorptionmember 174 and removing a pin from the pivot junction 170. In anotherembodiment, the lower chair junction 138 (FIG. 4A) comprises a threadedknob which, when removed frees the seat 131 from the lower arm 140. Theseat 131 is removed by removing the threaded knob and removing a pinfrom the upper frame junction. In a further embodiment, the channel stop304 (FIG. 4D) is removable, for example via screws or locking clasps.The chair 100 is disassembled by removing the channel stop 304 andremoving a pin from the channel pivot member 306. In still furtherembodiments, the chair 100 may be removed from the vehicle bydisengaging from the tracks 210, by for example an easy removalmechanism within the tracks 210 or the translation members 110 and 120.

It is further noted that terms like “preferably,” “generally”,“commonly,” and “typically” are not utilized herein to limit the scopeof the claimed invention or to imply that certain features are critical,essential, or even important to the structure or function of the claimedinvention. Rather, these terms are merely intended to highlightalternative or additional features that may or may not be utilized in aparticular embodiment of the present invention.

Having described the invention in detail and by reference to specificembodiments thereof, it will be apparent that modifications andvariations are possible without departing from the scope of theinvention defined in the appended claims. More specifically, althoughsome aspects of the present invention are identified herein as preferredor particularly advantageous, it is contemplated that the presentinvention is not necessarily limited to these preferred aspects of theinvention.

It is noted that one or more of the following claims utilize the term“wherein” as a transitional phrase. For the purposes of defining thepresent invention, it is noted that this term is introduced in theclaims as an open-ended transitional phrase that is used to introduce arecitation of a series of characteristics of the structure and should beinterpreted in like manner as the more commonly used open-ended preambleterm “comprising.”

What is claimed is:
 1. An emergency vehicle patient transport systemcomprising: a loading passage providing access to an interior of anemergency vehicle; one or more tracks coupled to a floor of theemergency vehicle, a ceiling of the emergency vehicle, a wall of theemergency vehicle or combinations thereof wherein, a travel path isdelineated by the one or more tracks; a chair slidingly engaged with theone or more tracks, and vertically positioned between the floor and theceiling wherein: the chair locks in one or more set positions; and theone or more set positions are selected from a group consisting of anairway care position, an extended airway care position, a proceduralcare position, a responder position, a patient care position, a lowercare position and a patient load position.
 2. The emergency vehiclepatient transport system of claim 1 wherein the chair comprises avertical member slidingly engaged with the one or more tracks, and thevertical member forms a curve between the ceiling and the floor.
 3. Theemergency vehicle patient transport system of claim 1 further comprisinga patient loading member coupled to the floor wherein: the patientloading member transports a cot along a loading direction; and the chairmoves synchronously along the travel path as the cot is guided along theloading direction.
 4. The emergency vehicle patient transport system ofclaim 1 further comprising a cot securing member coupled to the floorwherein, the cot securing member lifts a cot along a cot raisingdirection.
 5. The emergency vehicle patient transport system of claim 1wherein the chair further comprises a tilt control that enables ordisables a tilting forward or a tilting backward of the chair.
 6. Theemergency vehicle patient transport system of claim 1 wherein: the oneor more tracks comprise a ceiling track coupled to the ceiling; thechair comprises: a seat comprising an upper portion and a lower portion;a vertical member slidingly engaged with the ceiling track; a pivotjunction rotatably joining the vertical member to the lower portion ofthe seat; an adjustable headrest slidingly engaged with the verticalmember and disposed above the upper portion of the seat; and a bottomabsorption member extending from the vertical member to the lowerportion and configured to mitigate a transfer of energy between thevertical member and the lower portion of the seat.
 7. The emergencyvehicle patient transport system of claim 1 wherein: the one or moretracks comprise a floor track coupled to the floor; the chair comprises:a vertical support slidingly engaged to the floor track; a seat junctionrotatably joining the vertical support to a vertical member and a seat;a head-neck-shoulder (HNS) junction rotatably joining the verticalmember to a HNS support; and a torso support slidingly engaged with thevertical member and operable to slide at least a portion of a distancebetween the HNS junction and the seat.
 8. The emergency vehicle patienttransport system of claim 7 wherein the chair further comprises anadjustable HNS clamp that locks in multiple positions and is rotatablyjoined to the HNS support, an adjustable torso clamp that locks inmultiple positions and is rotatably joined to the torso support, orcombinations thereof.
 9. The emergency vehicle patient transport systemof claim 1 wherein the one or more tracks are coupled above surface orrecessed, and are straight, J-shaped, L-shaped, U-shaped, O-shaped orfaceted.
 10. The emergency vehicle patient transport system of claim 1wherein the one or more tracks comprise a C-channel cross-section, acircular cross-section, a square cross-section or a combination thereof.11. The emergency vehicle patient transport system of claim 1 furthercomprising a motion control operable to set a free float mode or asynchronous mode.
 12. The emergency vehicle patient transport system ofclaim 1 wherein the chair comprises a lever, which upon actuation, isconfigured to swivel the chair about a vertical member.
 13. Theemergency vehicle patient transport system of claim 1 wherein the chaircomprises an auxiliary storage module removably attached to the chair.14. The emergency vehicle patient transport system of claim 1 furthercomprising a multi-position seat coupled to the wall of the emergencyvehicle, and the multi-position seat comprises a flat configuration, anda bench configuration.
 15. The emergency vehicle patient transportsystem of claim 14 wherein: the multi-position seat further comprises atransition track slidingly engaged with a seating portion; and themulti-position seat changes between the bench configuration and a jumpseat configuration by sliding the seating portion along the transitiontrack.
 16. The emergency vehicle patient transport system of claim 14wherein: the multi-position seat further comprises a transition track, aseating portion slidingly engaged with the transition track, and apivoting section rotatably joined and slidingly engaged with thetransition track; and the multi-position seat changes from the benchconfiguration to a lounge configuration by sliding the seating portionalong the transition track and rotating the pivoting section.
 17. Theemergency vehicle patient transport system of claim 14 wherein: themulti-position seat further comprises a transition track, a seatingportion slidingly engaged with the transition track, and a pivotingsection rotatably joined and slidingly engaged with the transitiontrack; and the multi-position seat changes from the bench configurationto a dual-jumpseat configuration by sliding the seating portion alongthe transition track and rotating the pivoting section.
 18. Theemergency vehicle patient transport system of claim 14 wherein themulti-position seat further comprises a recessed surface, and when themulti-position seat is in the bench configuration, the recessed surfaceis configured to secure a cot.
 19. The emergency vehicle patienttransport system of claim 1 wherein the chair comprises an earphone, anaudio microphone, a video feed or combinations thereof.
 20. Theemergency vehicle patient transport system of claim 1 further comprisingan on-board vehicle electronic monitoring system and a sensing member inelectrical communication with the on-board vehicle electronic monitoringsystem.
 21. The emergency vehicle patient transport system of claim 20wherein: the chair further comprises a locking system in electricalcommunication with the on-board vehicle electronic monitoring system;and the locking system locks the chair in place when the sensing memberdetects a crash event.
 22. The emergency vehicle patient transportsystem of claim 1 wherein the chair further comprises environmentalcontrols.
 23. The emergency vehicle patient transport system of claim 1further comprising: a wall fixture coupled to the wall; a pivotingattachment rotatably joined with the wall fixture; an rotating armcoupled to and extending from the pivoting attachment; and a firstclasping mechanism coupled to the rotating arm and disposed at a firstend of the rotating arm; and a second clasping mechanism coupled to therotating arm and disposed at a second end of the rotating arm wherein,the first clasping mechanism and the second clasping mechanism removablysecure a cot.
 24. The emergency vehicle patient transport system ofclaim 1 wherein the chair comprises a bio-safe material.